* Szent Istvan University, KGI Dept. of Landscape Ecology, Pater K. 1, H-2130 Godollo
** Universitatea Babes-Bolyai, Facultatea de Biologie si Geologie, Catedra de Biologie Vegetala, str. Republicii, nr. 42, RO-3400 Cluj-Napoca

Abstract: According to the floristical works on the Carpathian-Basin from Romania and Hungary, Hierochloe repens is not found in Romania. The morphological examinations by Penksza et al. [6] demonstrated, that in Hungary not Hierochloe odorata, but Hierochloe repens is found. These findings led us to analyse this problem also in Romania, by re-examining the collected matherial of the genus Hierochloe in the Herbarium of the Al. Borza Botanical Garden from Cluj Napoca. In this paper we give the corrected identification keys for the Hierochloe species occurring in Romania and some data about the occurrence of Hierochloe repens in Romania.

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* Research Group for Bryology of the HAS, Eszterhazy College, Department of Botany, Pf 222, H-3301 Eger
e-mail: colura@ektf.hu
** Universitatea Babes-Bolyai, Facultatea de Biologie si Geologie, Catedra de Biologie Vegetala, str. Republicii, nr. 42, RO-3400 Cluj Napoca
e-mail: igoia@bioge.ubbcluj.ro
*** State University Groningen, Biological Centre, Dept. of Plant Ecology, P.O. Box 14, NL-9750 AA Haren
e-mail: bovzanten@wish.net

Abstract: Hilpertia velenovskyi, Pterygoneurum compactum, P. squamosum and Crossidium laxefilamentosum occur in the desertlike vegetation of vertical loess cliffs in Moldavia, Muntenia and in Oltenia. All of these species are new to the bryoflora of Romania. Hilpertia is a boreocontinetal (Holarctic) xerophyte while the others were previously known only from the dry Mediterranean or Submediterranean areas of southern Spain, of Yugoslavia and of Hungary.

Key words:

* Universitatea Babes-Bolyai, Facultatea de Biologie si Geologie, Catedra de Biologie Vegetala, str. Republicii nr. 42, RO-3400 Cluj-Napoca
** Institutul de Cercetari Biologice, B-dul Copou, nr. 20 A, RO-6000 Iasi

Abstract: The paper deals with the taxonomical review of the genus Chaenotheca. 12 species occuring in Romania are presented, the actual nomenclature, synonymy and the identification key are given. For each species distribution map is presented, using the UTM grid system of 50 x 50 km. Ch. hispidula and Ch. subroscida are new species for Romania, identified by Tibell in 1973 in Bucegi Mts.

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Universitatea Ovidius, Facultatea de Stiinte ale Naturii, B-dul Mamaia, nr.124, RO-8700 Constanta

Abstract: Potamogeton pectinatus L. (Fam. Potamogetonaceae) and Vallisneria spiralis L. (Fam. Hydrocharitaceae) are two submerged, rooted hydrophytes, growing entirely under the water surface. Both are attached by means of their root system to the bottom of waters [2, 6, 8]. Due to the aquatic environment conditions, these plants show several peculiar morphological and anatomical adaptations in response. At the present, the anatomical features of the hydrophytes are poorly documented in Romania [3, 5, 9, 10]. The present paper deals with some histological and anatomical aspects of the main vegetative organs, namely root, stem and leaf blade of the two investigated plants.

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* Gradina Botanica Alexandru Borza, str. Republicii, nr. 42, RO-3400 Cluj-Napoca
** Universitatea Babes-Bolyai, Facultatea de Biologie si Geologie, Catedra de Biologie Vegetala, str. Republicii, nr. 42, RO-3400 Cluj-Napoca

Abstract: The study evaluates the presence of the Aquilegia nigricans ssp. subscaposa taxon in the Gilau-Muntele Mare Mountains, characterizes the ecocoenotic environment of populations, the spatial distribution of the individuals, and proposes protection measures. A new locality and two associations unreported by the literature were identified to shelter this taxon. Aquilegia nigricans ssp. subscaposa is positively correlated with a high number of species from the coenoses where it develops (Linum austriacum, Plantago media, Campanula rotundifolia, Veronica austriaca, Senecio jacobea, Polygonatum odoratum etc.). The absence of aggregation on the forest border and an aggregation tendency ranging betwen 60-90 cm on the grassland were found. Due to the small surfaces occupied by the populations taxon, its rare status (R) is considered justified.

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Institutul de Cercetari Biologice, str. Republicii, nr. 48, RO-3400 Cluj-Napoca

Abstract: The phytosociologycal study of spruce fir forest on calcareous substrate from Romanian Carpathians (Transylvania). The paper presents the phytocenotic data concerning the spruce fir forest on calcareous substrata from the Bihor, Retezat, Piatra Craiului and Rodna Mountains. The floristical structure of these forests differs from the acidophilus spruce fir forest of Romanian Carpathians and to the basophilic spruce fir forest from the neighbouring mountains (West Carpathians, Alps). The found differences have determined us to describe it as new association Doronico columnae - Piceetum (tab.1) specific for the Romanian Carpathians.

Key words:

* Universitatea Babes-Bolyai, Facultatea de Biologie si Geologie, Catedra de Biologie Vegetala, str. Republicii, nr. 44, RO-3400 Cluj-Napoca
e-mail: dgafta@bioge.ubbcluj.ro
** Str. Fabricii, nr. 1, RO-4000 Sf. Gheorghe (Jud. Covasna)
e-mail: i_rika@freemail.hu
*** Scoala Generala, RO-2255 Sinca Veche (Jud. Brasov)

Abstract: The floristic data were collected using a nested sampling design in two different forest understories. The shape of the curves (S = c x A**z) usually used to fit the distribution of species richness (S) as a function of sampled area (A) was analysed by means of the values of parameters c and z. The influence of sampling scale was assessed manipulating two of its components: grain size and extent. The estimate of parameter c resulted larger on richer soils and it is responsible for the higher slope of the curve at small scales (<50 m2). Increasing the grain size, while keeping the extent constant, may causes a strong deformation of the species-area curve, which is especially important at large scales (>400 m2) by underestimating the species richness. Decreasing the extent, while grain size is held unvaried, produces little effect on the slope of species-area curves, but can lead to overestimating species richness in habitats with low spatial heterogeneity. The exhaustive assessment of the influence of sampling scale on these curves requires further considerations such as the interaction between grain and extent, the number of samples and the spatial autocorrelation between quadrats.

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* Faculty of Biology and Geology of the Babes - Bolyai University Cluj-Napoca, Str. Republicii 42, Cluj-Napoca, R-3400
e-mail: igoia@bioge.ubbcluj.ro
** Universite de Liege, 620 Becco, B-4910 Theux
e-mail: rschumacker@ulg.ac.be

Abstract: The saprolignicolous bryoflora of the Ariesul Mare Basin includes 150 species (56 liverworts, 94 mosses), nine varieties (two liverworts, seven mosses) and one form (mosses), belonging to 35 families and 14 orders. 56 taxa are new for the basin of the Big Aries River (47 species, eight varieties and one form). According to the European Red List of Bryophytes Buxbaumia viridis is vulnerable and Lophozia ascendens is rare. The species richness is higher in shaded, humid and colder habitats, where boreal, subboreal, suboceanic and oceanic species are well represented. Even if the abandoned wood reveal a deficience of the silvocultural management in the study area, it is favourable for the development of the saprolignicolous bryophytes. The forest microclimate changes after silvicultural management and forest fragmentation are less suitable for bryophytes, fungi or invertebrates living on decaying wood. A future, more succesfully management should protect the largest and richest forests lots, connected by corridors with smaller forest patches and preserve some fallen trees all over the area.

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Universitatea Babes-Bolyai, Facultatea de Biologie si Geologie, Catedra de Biologie Vegetala, str. Republicii, nr. 42, RO-3400 Cluj-Napoca

Abstract: The inventory of foliose and fruticose lichens from the Padurea Craiului Mountains contents 135 taxa (59 corticolous, 38 saxicolous, 29 tericolous, 5 lignicolous and 5 muscicolous). The lichen species were characterised using the ecological indexes (light, humidity, temperature and chemical reaction of the substrate) published by Ellenberg et al. (1992) and Wirth (1995), and the analysis of bioforms and geographical elements.

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* Institutul de Cercetari Biologice, str. Republicii, nr. 48, RO-3400 Cluj-Napoca
** National Research Institute for Radiobiology and Radiohygiene, Anna u.5., H-1221 Budapest

Abstract: 56 species of mushrooms wich have not been recorded in the Botanical Garden are presented. The species: Berlesiella nigerrima (Bloxam ex Currey) Sacc., Lanzia luteovirescens (Rob, ex Desm.) Dumont & Korf, Nectria ellissi Booth, Nectria fuckeliana Booth, Orbilia comma Graddon and Sphaeropsis sapinea (Fr.) Dyko & Sutton, are reported for the first time in Romania. Agaricus bohusii Bon, Ceratomyxa fruticulosa (Lull.) Macbr., Dendrostilbella byssina (Alb. & Schwein.) v. Hohn, ssp. Sandu-Villei Dobrescu & Eftimie, Geastrum pectinatum Pers., Heyderia abietis (Fr.) Link, Hymenoscyphus caudatus (Karst.) Dennis, Melanoleuca phajopodia (Bull. ex Fr.) Sing., Nectria episphaeria (Tode) Fr., Orbilia curvatispora Boud., O. sarraziniana Boud., O. xanthostigma Fr., are known only from a few localities in Romania.

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* Universitatea Babes-Bolyai, Facultatea de Biologie si Geologie, Catedra de Biologie Vegetala, str. Republicii, nr. 42, RO-3400 Cluj-Napoca
** Universitatea Babes-Bolyai, Facultatea de Biologie si Geologie, Catedra de Ecologie - Genetica, str. Clinicilor, nr. 5-7, RO-3400 Cluj-Napoca
*** Institutul de Cercetari Biologice, str. Republicii nr. 48, RO-3400 Cluj-Napoca
**** University of Veszprem; Institute of Biology and Balaton Limnological Institute of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, H-8237, Tihany

Abstract: Silica-scaled flagellates (Synurophyceae) of the 'Mestecanisu de la Reci' Covasna County, Transylvania, Romania. The 'Mestecanisu de la Reci' ('Retyi Nyir') is an extended sandy area situated in the Brasov Depression, southeast of Transylvania, between the city of Sf. Gheorghe and Covasna town, near the village of Reci (Rety). The peculiar landscape of the region is due to the eolian sand dunes that had been formed at the beginning of Holocene after the Rau Negru ('Feketeugy') river emptied the ancient Quaternary lake basin. Later, due to the raising of ground water level, small pools and bogs have been formed in the hundreds of small depressions formed among the dunes. The present paper deals with the silica-scaled chrysophytes collected during the spring and autumn of 1996 and 1997, from such small pools and bogs, situated mostly in the protected area (Nature Reserve) of the 'Mestecanisu de la Reci'. There have been identified 23 taxa: 17 Mallomonas and 6 Synura species. The following taxa have not yet been recorded in the 'Mestecanisu de la Reci': Mallomonas acaroides, M. annulata, M. lelymene and Synura lapponica.

Key words:

* Universitatea Babes-Bolyai, Facultatea de Biologie si Geologie, Catedra de Ecologie - Genetica, str. Clinicilor, nr. 5-7, RO-3400 Cluj-Napoca
** Universitatea Babes-Bolyai, Facultatea de Biologie si Geologie, Catedra de Biologie Vegetala, str. Republicii, nr. 42, RO-3400 Cluj-Napoca
*** Institutul de Cercetari Biologice, str. Republicii, nr. 48, RO-3400 Cluj-Napoca

Abstract: Algal flora of the transition peat bog located near the Iezeru Surianu glacial lake (Sebesului Mountains, Southern Carpathians, Romania). The paper deals with the algae inhabiting a transition peat bog situated near the so called Iezeru Surianu glacial lake, Sebesului Mountains (Southern Carpathians, Romania), comparatively with previous findings (Greguss, 1929; Peterfi, 1963). The peat bog was reinvestigated by the present authors in summer 1994. There were identified 117 algal taxa, mostly desmids and diatoms (Cyanophyta - 5, Glaucocystophyta - 1, Euglenophyta - 5, Dinophyta - 1, Chrysophyta - 4, Bacillariophyta - 38, Chlorophyta Chlorophyceae - 5 and Conjugatophyceae - 57), almost twice as much as previously recorded. According to species composition, the community belong to the 'transition peat bog community of Carpathian type' characterized by the presence of acidophilic species (Anabaena aequalis, Euglena mutabilis, Cymbella gracilis, Navicula subtilissima etc.) together with northern-alpine and montane elements (Euastrum ansatum, E. elegans, Cosmarium hornavanense, Micrasterias denticulata etc.).

Key words:

* Institutul de Cercetari Biologice, str. Republicii, nr. 48, RO-3400 Cluj-Napoca
** Universitatea Babes-Bolyai, Facultatea de Biologie si Geologie, str. Clinicilor, nr. 5-7, RO-3400 Cluj-Napoca

Abstract: Genetic variation of Arthrospira (Spirulina) fusiformis strains isolated from an alkaline pond near Cluj-Napoca city was assessed by PCR fingerprinting based on primers designed for two families of repetitive sequences: STRR (short tandemly repeated repetitive) and HIP 1 (highly iterated palindromic sequence) present in many species of cyanobacteria. The HIP 1 and STRR sequences generated electrophoretic profiles with a wide range of molecular weight that were able to group the strains in two clusters. The genetic groupings were in accordance with the morphological characters that distinguish two types of strains: N - with the normal coiling of the trichomes for A. fusiformis species and S - with more tightly coiled filaments. To our knowledge this is the first report of the presence of HIP 1 and STRR in Arthrospira strains.

Key words:

* Universitatea Babes-Bolyai Cluj-Napoca, Facultatea de Biologie si Geologie, Catedra de Biologie vegetala, str. Republicii, nr. 42, RO-3400 Cluj-Napoca
** Gradina Botanica Alexandru Borza, str. Republicii, nr. 42, RO-3400 Cluj-Napoca

Abstract: The effect of photoperiod upon the vegetative growth and flowering of Tagetes patula and Tagetes tenuifolia, was analysed. Ornamental studied plants were cultivated in short-day conditions (in greenhouse, in winter) and long-day conditions (in field, in summer). Plants obtained in short-day conditions had a more reduced vegetative growth, in comparition to plants cultivated in a long-day conditions. Vegetative growth of plants cultivated in short-day conditions was different inhibited, according to the species.Short-day conditions did not inhibit the flowering of Tagetes patula and Tagetes tenuifolia species. The effect of photoperiod upon plants' vegetative growth and flowering, was studied. In short-day conditions vegetative growth and flowering was more reduced compared to long-day conditions.

Key words:

* Universitatea Babes-Bolyai, Gradina Botanica Alexandru Borza, str. Republicii, nr. 42, RO-3400 Cluj-Napoca
** Universitatea Babes-Bolyai, Facultatea de Biologie si Geologie, str. Republicii, nr. 46, RO-3400 Cluj-Napoca
*** Institutul de Cercetari Biologice, str. Republicii, nr. 48, RO-3400 Cluj-Napoca

Abstract: The biotechnology of in vitro cultures is increasingly used as part of ex situ and in situ programmes for the conservation of a number of plant species that are endemic, endangered, vulnerable or rare. Dianthus spiculifolius Schur is a Carpathian endemism. Due to excessive anthropization in some regions of its distribution area, the populations in question are declining. At present, the species is mentioned in the various Red Lists elaborated for rare and vulnerable Romanian flora species [6,9]. The aseptic culture was induced starting from plant material harvested from the Piatra Craiului Massif. The inocula consisting of apical and nodal explants were cultured on aseptic media, with a varied hormone balance, in order to obtain an as high as possible multiplication rate and induction of rhizogenesis. The multiplication rate was increased from 7.5 new plantlets/inoculum to 31.8 new plantlets/inoculum, and an adequate rhizogenesis rate was obtained at the same time. Micropropagation and acclimatization were favored by the in vitro photoautotrophic culture.

Key words:

* Institutul de Cercetari Biologice, str. Republicii, nr. 48, RO-3400 Cluj-Napoca
** Universitatea Babes-Bolyai, Catedra de Biologie Vegetala, str. M. Kogalniceanu, nr. 1, RO-3400 Cluj-Napoca
*** Universitatea de Medicina si Farmacie Iuliu Hatieganu, Catedra de Botanica Farmaceutica, str. I. Creanga, nr. 12, RO-3400 Cluj-Napoca

Abstract: We used for the regeneration and multiplication of Scopolia carniolica nodal and caulinar apex explants, whereas for the calus induction, leaf, stem and root explants. These explants have been inoculated on the Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium, supplemented with various concentrations and combinations of growth regulators. The best combination of growth regulators for neoplantlets regeneration was: NAA or IBA (1.5 per mg) + BA (0.5 per mg), and for multiplication: NAA (0.1 per mg) + thidiazuron (0.5 per mg). The undifferentiated calluses have developed very well on the medium with picloram (1.5 per mg) + BA (0.2 per mg), the rhizogenesis being inducted by NAA (0.5 per mg). Chromatographic analyses indicated that only the plantlets' roots and the rhizogen calluses were able to biosynthesized just tropine and atropine. The total amount of tropanic alkaloids that accumulated in the plantlets' roots was 0.11 - 0.13% of the dry weight, while in the calluses that grew large roots (over 2 cm length), it was 0.08% of the dry weight.

Key words:

* Institutul de Cercetari Biologice, str. Republicii, nr. 48, RO-3400 Cluj-Napoca
** Deutsche Sammlung fur Mikroorganismen und Zellkulturen, Mascheroder Weg 1B, D-38124 Braunschweig

Abstract: This paper presents a protocol concerning cryopreservation of carnation shoot apices (2-4 mm) in liquid nitrogen for 48 hours. Vitrification of apices was performed by treating them with the PVS2 (glycerol 30% + EG 15% + DMSO 7%) vitrification solution. Different parameters were tested, such as: PVS2 concentration, i.e. 20%, 60% and 100% concentrations; the duration of action of the cryoprotective mixture: 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30 minutes; as well as different incubation temperatures, 0 +/- 1 degrees Celsius and 25 +/- 1 degrees Celsius, respectively. The best results in the survival of carnation shoot apices were found when the 100% PVS2 solution was used, with an action duration of 10 minutes and treatment performed at the temperature of 0 +/- 1 degrees Celsius. Results were evaluated a month after thawing and transfer of apices to the MS regeneration medium [6] supplemented with alpha-naphthylacetic acid 0.2 mg/l and benzyladenine 1 mg/l.

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Institutul de Cercetari Biologice, str. Republicii, nr. 48, RO-3400 Cluj-Napoca

Abstract: The hormone balance played a determining role in the initiation, maintenance of viability of cultures and of the regenerative capacity of potato caulinary apices. The combined action of auxins and cytokinins proved to be more efficient in the regeneration, growth and multiplication of potato plantlets of the varieties Desiree, Ostara and Sante, than phytohormones used individually. Of all tested combinations and variants of phytohormones, the MS medium supplemented with kinetin 1 mg/l, indolylbutyric acid 0.5 mg/l, and glycine 1 mg/l proved to be the most efficient for the in vitro regeneration and growth of potato plantlets varieties Desiree, Ostara and Sante.

Key words:

* Institutul de Cercetari Biologice, str. Republicii, nr. 48, RO-3400 Cluj-Napoca
** Universitatea Babes-Bolyai, Gradina Botanica Alexandru Borza, str. Republicii, nr. 42, RO-3400 Cluj-Napoca

Abstract: Micropropagation of Arnica montana L. using MS medium supplemented with growth regulators as benzyl adenine (BA), and beta-indolebutyric acid (IBA) in combination or not with natural extracts does not ensure the formation of high number of regenerated plants, maximum 2.66 neoplantlets/explant were obtained. Plants growth is good, after 4 weeks of culture obtained on medium supplemented malt extract or yeast extract, plants were 3.06-3.53 cm length, but root induction was obtained with good results only on media supplemented with pumpkin extract in combination with IBA. The clonal propagation of this species was improved by in vitro culture of from nodal segments using semisolid media supplemented with yeast extract in combination with growth regulators, phloroglucinol or adenine sulphate. Only three weeks after the inoculation plant multiplication as well as induction of roots were obtained The best results have been obtained on semisolid MS media supplemented with 1.0 mg/l BA + 1.0 mg/l AIB and 100-300 mg/l yeast extract.

Key words:

* Universitatea Oradea, str. Armatei Romane, nr. 5, RO-3700 Oradea
** Institutul de Cercetari Biologice, str. Republicii, nr. 48, RO-3400 Cluj-Napoca

Abstract: Multiplication of Syringa josikaea Jacq. has been induced from microcutings prelevated from in vitro regenerated plantlets. After 4 weeks of culture plant regeneration has been obtained on media II, III, VI. Callus wad induced previously on the media I, IV and V, and then after plant regeneration. Shoot induction from microcutings of Syringa josikaea has been very low (1.66 plantlets/explant) but the plant growth is good on all media studied. Root induction was not obtained except the media supplemented with 2.0 mg/l 2iP and 0.1 mg/l IBA, where 1-2 roots have been induced. Callus induction was successful induced on all media studied.

Key words:

* Universitatea Babes-Bolyai, Facultatea de Biologie si Geologie, Catedra de Biologie Vegetala, str. Republicii, nr.42, RO-3400 Cluj-Napoca
** Universitatea Babes-Bolyai, Facultatea de Biologie si Geologie, str. Republicii, nr.44, RO-3400 Cluj-Napoca
*** Universitatea de Medicina si Farmacie Iuliu Hatieganu, Facultatea de Farmacie, str. I. Creanga, nr. 3, RO-3400 Cluj-Napoca

Abstract: In our experiments, we tested 'in vitro' action of some plant extracts (Berberis vulgaris, Chelidonium majus, Solanum nigrum), on the germination and growth of Coniothyrium concentricum fungus, isolated from Yucca filamentosa. Plant extract from Berberis vulgaris (250 microgrames/ml nutritive medium) had fungicide effect on the studied species. The same effect also had plant extract from Chelidonium majus (250 microgrames/ml nutritive medium). Plant extract from Solanum nigrum (250 microgrames/ml) had a less powerful inhibitory effect on Coniothyrium concentricum fungus. Plant extracts' effect, on the studied species, is determinated by the chemical composition and its concentration in the nutritive medium.

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* Institutul de Cercetari Biologice, Bd. Carol I, nr. 20A, RO - 6600 Iasi
** Universitatea Al. I. Cuza, Facultatea de Biologie, Bd. Carol I, nr. 20A, RO - 6600 Iasi

Abstract: In our studies, we identified a number of 19 free amino acids in the sugar beet leaves, whose content depends on the examined foliar tissue (healthy or infected), as well as on the cultivar. After infection, the necrotized tissue of the sensitive cultivar has a higher total content of free amino acids (with 22.98%) as compared to the healthy ones. The degree of these changes is lower in the resistant cultivar (3.99% against the control) in the advanced stages of the infection. Relevant, in the case of this variety is the decrease of the total number of free amino acids at the apparition of the first symptoms (with 6.91%), which indicates the enhancement of protein syntheses in the initial stages of the pathological process in the resistant plants.

Key words:

* Universitatea Babes-Bolyai, Facultatea de Chimie si Inginerie Chimica, str. Arany Janos, nr. 11, RO-3400 Cluj-Napoca
** Universitatea Babes-Bolyai, Facultatea de Biologie si Geologie, Catedra de Biologie Vegetala, str. Republicii, nr. 42, RO-3400 Cluj-Napoca

Abstract: As the number of pollution sources rises heavy metal contamination of the environment becomes increasingly higher. This problem particularly manifests itself in urban areas. The objectives of our investigation were to measure the distribution of Pb in tree leaves Tilia cordata and Acer platanoides which occur frequently in majority streets of Cluj-Napoca, Romania and in soils. The relatively relationship between the total Pb content of soil and its concentration in the tree leaves was investigated. To evaluate the accumulation of Pb by plants grown on polluted areas, the enrichment ratio (ER - ratio of concentration in polluted plants to its content in control plants) was calculated. The analysis of Pb in the simultaneous collected leaves and soil samples in studied area and in the same type of samples collected from the background station (Botanical Garden) allowed to estimate the relative degree of pollution in Cluj-Napoca.

Key words:

Universitatea Babes-Bolyai, Facultatea de Biologie si Geologie, Catedra de Biologie Vegetala, str. M. Kogalniceanu, nr. 1, RO-3400 Cluj-Napoca

Abstract: The different parameters of short-term and long-term chlorophyll fluorescence induced upon illumination of dark-adapted algal cell suspensions indicate the action site of water-polluting herbicides and heavy metals in the photosynthetic apparatus which performs the light energy conversion and thus ensures the primary production in the aquatic ecosystems. The influence of the herbicides diuron and methylviologen and of two heavy metals (cadmium and nickel) on the ground fluorescence, on the maximal fluorescence yield, on the variable short-term chlorophyll fluorescence and on the potential and effective quantum efficiency of photosynthesis are discussed.

Key words:

Universitatea Babes-Bolyai, Facultatea de Biologie si Geologie, Catedra de Biologie Vegetala, str. M. Kogalniceanu, nr. 1, RO-3400 Cluj-Napoca

Abstract: The ecological status of Mures river was investigated based on the study of the heterotrophic bacteria and of some indicator microorganisms (coliforms and streptococci). The releasing in the waterflow of the wastewater coming from different human activities and loaded with organic polluting agents affects the water quality, favourising the development of an abundant saprophytic microflora with an intensive degradative activity, mainly in the lower region of the river. The presence and the number of faecal coliforms and streptococci indicates a strongly polluted water with faecal materials in the sampling sites located downstream from the human settlements.

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* Compania Nationala 'Apele Romane', Directia Apelor Somes-Tisa, str.Vanatorului, nr. 17, RO-3400 Cluj-Napoca
** Universitatea Babes-Bolyai, Facultatea de Biologie si Geologie, Catedra de Biologie Vegetala, str. M. Kogalniceanu, nr. 1, RO-3400 Cluj-Napoca

Abstract: The Gilau dam reservoir, situated on the Somesul Mic river has as main purpose to suply with drinking water the city Cluj-Napoca and the nearby vilages. Therefore, the bacteriological studies of the water and sediment are necesary and important to determine the charge degree of the lake water with germs, because over certain limit it can induce negative repercussions on human health. The samples were taken asepticaly from different places and depths. There were collected ten water and seven sediment samples. The bacteriological researches were involved the determination of four indicators: the mesophilic heterotrophic bacteria, the total coliform bacteria, the faecal coliform bacteria and the faecal enterococcus. The coliform germs and the mesophilic bacteria have been emphasized in both water and sediment samples, but the recorded values were low. The faecal enterococcus indicator was missing in almost all the analysed water samples (where were present, their number was small). This indicator has not been emphasized in any analysed sediment samples.The bacteriological studies have been completed with the enzymological ones in order to obtain a complete image on the complex processes that are developing in this habitate. In the sediment samples have been determined the following enzymatic activities: phosphatase, actual and potential dehydrogenase, catalase and non-enzymatic catalytic activity. All the studied activities have been detected in the entire set of the samples, observing differentiates only concerning the intensity of processes. On the basis of the relative values of the enzymatic activities it was calculated the enzymatic indicator of the sediments biological quality, ranging between 0.132 and 0.492.

Key words:

Universitatea Babes-Bolyai,Gradina Botanica Alexandru Borza, str. Republicii, nr. 42, RO-3400 Cluj-Napoca

Abstract: The aim of the present paper is the unitary interpretation of the hypotheses and of certain concrete results, which speak for the existence of refugia that preserve preglacial and glacial relict populations from the Apuseni Mountains, with special regard to the calcareous massifs as potential refugial areas.

Key words:

* Institutul de Cercetari Biologice, str. Republicii, nr. 48, RO-3400 Cluj-Napoca
** Universitatea Babes-Bolyai, Facultatea de Biologie si Geologie, Catedra de Geologie-Paleontologie, str. M. Kogalniceanu, nr. 1, RO-3400 Cluj-Napoca

Abstract: The evolution of the late- and postglacial vegetation in Calimani Mountains, in the context of the Romanian one. The present paper presents the evolution of the late- and postglacial vegetation in Calimani Mountains, as compared to another 14C dated sites in Romanian Carpathians (Apuseni Mts, Semenic Mts., Retezat Mts., Harghita Mts. and Gutai Mts.). Remarks on the first attestations and on the expansion of the main arboreal taxa are made.

Key words:

* Universitatea Babes-Bolyai, Facultatea de Biologie-Geologie, Catedra de Biologie Vegetala, str. M. Kogalniceanu, nr. 1, RO-3400 Cluj-Napoca
** Institutul de Cercetari Biologice, str. Republicii, nr. 48, RO-3400 Cluj-Napoca

Abstract: Aspects concerning the glacial refuges, in the light of the palynological analyses on Carbon-14 dated sequences from Romania. The paper presents some remarks on the glacial refuges and on the taxa migration routes in Europe, on the basis of C14 dated sequences from Romania, Bulgaria, Greece, Slovenia, Hungaria and Albania. First attestations of the main ligneous taxa in the 14C dated lateglacial sequences from these countries are also presented.

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str. Donath, nr. 17, bl. M2, ap. 66; RO-3400, Cluj-Napoca

Abstract: About the Possible Presence of Berberis kymeana (Unger) Kvacek et Erdei in the Early Pannonian flora from Valea Crisului (Bihor / Romania). On basis of the material collected and published in 1962 under the name of Proteaceae ?, respectively, Hakea banksiaeformis, the author supposes the presence of the Berberis kymeana (Unger) Kvacek et Erdei 2001 taxon in the deposit of fossil plants from Valea Crisului (ante Valea Neagra).

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Universitatea Babes-Bolyai, Facultatea de Biologie si Geologie, Departamentul de Geologie, str. M. Kogalniceanu, nr. 1, RO-3400 Cluj-Napoca

Abstract: The Presence of Fossil Wood of Glyptostroboxylon in the Miocene from Pravaleni-Brad. The fragment of silicified wood was collected from the volcano-sedimentary formation near Pravaleni-Brad (Metalliferous Mountains), of a Late Badenian - Early Sarmatian age. Its anatomic features allowed assignment to Glyptostroboxylon tenerum, taxon that had been previously described from several European Tertiary occurences.

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* Universitatea Babes-Bolyai, Facultatea de Biologie si Geologie, Catedra de Biologie Vegetala, str. M. Kogalniceanu, nr. 1, RO-3400 Cluj-Napoca
** Institutul de Cercetari Biologice, str. Republicii, nr. 48, RO-3400 Cluj-Napoca

Abstract: This article is a brief review of the environmental enzymological investigations, conducted by specialists from institutions in Cluj (Babes-Bolyai University, Biological Research Institute, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, and Environmental Protection Inspectorat), and published in extenso in the period of January 1997-March 2002. The papers are structured into the following chapters: Soil enzymology; Peat enzymology; Enzymology of natural waters and bottom sediments, including therapeutic muds; Enzymology of waste waters and activated sludges, and Enzymology of cave deposits. Through these papers published in the last 5 years as through those published before, the environmental enzymologists of Cluj have represented honourably their institutions, and have contributed, modestly but favourably, to the image of our country in the world.

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