*Universitatea Babes-Bolyai, Facultatea de Biologie si Geologie, Catedra de Biologie Vegetala, str. Gh. Bilascu, nr. 42, RO-400015 Cluj-Napoca
**Universitatea Babes-Bolyai, Gradina Botanica Alexandru Borza, str. Gh. Bilascu, nr. 42, RO-400015 Cluj-Napoca

Abstract:

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*Universitatea Babes-Bolyai, Gradina Botanica Alexandru Borza, str. Gh. Bilascu, nr. 42, RO-400015 Cluj-Napoca
**Universitatea Babes-Bolyai, Facultatea de Biologie si Geologie, Catedra de Biologie Vegetala, str. Gh. Bilascu, nr. 42, RO-400015 Cluj-Napoca

Abstract: This paper reports, for the first time, the presence of the species Plantago sempervirens Crantz in the spontaneous Romanian flora. The only locality known so far to shelter this species is the Pusta Village (Sincai Commune, Mures County). The main population occupies a surface of approximately one hectare, being located on the slopes of one hill. The plant communities in which it develops belongs to Botriochloetum ischaemi, Stipetum lessingianae and Festucetum valesiaco-rupicolae. The density of the individuals within the main population is relatively high (between 10 and 46 individuals/m2). It seems that the majority of individuals reach the reproductive stage; this can be considered an indicator of the long duration and stability of this population. Being the only locality known in Romania and located at a great distance from the populations of south-western Europe, it is proposed that the surface become a protected area. A complex study on the structure and ecology of this population is also required.

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*KURZIA-Research Group in Nature Protection, Landscape Rehabilitation and Biomonitoring, str. Narciselor, nr. 3/B/4, RO-530184 Miercurea-Ciuc
**Eszterhazy Karoly College, Botanical Departement, Leanyka ut., 6, H-3300 Eger

Abstract: The Harghita Mountains are located in the interior arch of the East - Carphatians, in contact with Transsylvanian Basin. It is a 90 km long volcanic mountain range with a 1425 km2 territory, formed by a succession of 8 volcanic eruptions. Since 1961 in this area there was not realized a systematic bryofloristhical research. We can find the most of the data for this area in Boros manuscript catalogue found in Hungarian Scientific Museum, and Mohan (1998). According to this, until now 200, species of bryophytes has been reported from Harghita Mountains. In 2000 and 2001 bryofloristical exploration of South Harghita Mountains was organized and bryophytes were collected from 24 field samples like valleys, moorlands, peaks representing the diversity of the range. 184 bryophyte species were collected of which two are new for the bryoflora of Romania Cephaloziella integerrima and Dicranella staphylina and 63 species are new for the bryoflora of Harghita Mountains. The list of the identified species is given in this paper. According to former data and our study the bryoflora of Harghita Mountains is rich and valuable. The Brachydontium trichodes (R), Lophozia ascendens (R), Cephalozia lacinulata (V) growing here are listed in the Red Data Book of European Bryophytes. The richest habitats are the moorlands and the cramped valleys. The main disturbance factors presented in the territory are: forestry works (clear cutting), grazing, tourists' activities and natural disasters.

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Universitatea Babes-Bolyai, Facultatea de Biologie si Geologie, Catedra de Biologie Vegetala, str. Gh. Bilascu, nr. 42, RO-400015 Cluj-Napoca

Abstract: The studies of corticolous lichen flora of the Padurea Craiului Mountains had carried out to the identification of 59 foliose and fruticose lichen species, 8 species are rarest (Hypocenomyces scalaris, Melanelia elegantula, M. subargentifera, Physcia dubia, Lepraria lobificans, Phlyctis agelaea, P. argena, Xanthoria fallax) and 1 species Parmelina pastilifera (Harm.) Hale is new for the Romanian lichen flora. The corticolous foliose and fruticose lichen species from the Padurea Craiului Mountains were characterised using the ecological indexes (light, humidity, temperature and chemical reaction of the substrate) published by Ellenberg, H. et al. (1992) and Wirth, V. (1995). According to their preferences toward light, the predominance of the moderate photophilous species (47.45%) could be explained by their development on the trunks of all the investigated tree species. The analysis of the humidity figure reveals the predominance of xero-mesophilous species (44.06%) developed on sunny exposed parts of the tree trunks. Considering the preferences toward the temperature, the climate characteristic to the low mountain zone, specific for the Padurea Craiului Mountains, determine the preponderance of the micro-mesothermal species (45.76%). Regarding the chemical reaction of the substrate, the aproximatively equal percents of moderate acidophilous (23.92%), acidophilous (22.03%) and subneutrophilous (20.38%) lichen categories is corelated with the bark pH of the trees where the lichen were identified.

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*Universitatea Babes-Bolyai, Facultatea de Biologie si Geologie, Catedra de Ecologie – Genetica, str. Clinicilor, nr. 5-7, RO-400006 Cluj-Napoca
**Universitatea Babes-Bolyai, Facultatea de Biologie si Geologie, Catedra de Biologie Vegetala, str. Gh. Bilascu, nr. 42, RO-400015 Cluj-Napoca

Abstract: Algal communities of the 'Calatele Padure' peat bog (Romanian Western Mountains). The algal communities of the peat bogs situated in the Romanian Western Mountains (Muntii Apuseni) have intensely been investigated mostly during the last 40 years. However, those occurring in the 'Calatele Padure' peat bog, formerly an extremely dry and acid raised peat bog, lacking aquatic habitats, have not yet been searched for algae. Recent excavations of the peat deposit markedly changed the physiognomy of the bog, its whole ecosystem being deeply altered. Therefore, at the present there is a heterogeneity of aquatic habitats exhibiting a mosaic of diversified vegetation cover from genuine oligotrophic inlays to the eutrophic ones. These changes are reflected at the level of algal communities too. The algal flora exhibits a relatively high species diversity consisting of 262 taxa identified based on 10 samples collected in autumn 2002. They belong to the following algal groups: Cyanoprokayota - 16 taxa, Euglenophyta - 38 taxa, Dinophyta - 5 taxa, Cryptophyta - 1 taxon Chrysophyta - 8 taxa, Bacillariophyta - 65 taxa, Xanthophyta - 10 taxa, Chlorophyta - Chlorophyceae - 48 taxa and Chlorophyta - Zygnematophyceae - 71 taxa. It should be mentioned that Micrasterias americana, a very rare species in Romania, has not yet been recorded from the Romanian Western Mountains.

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Universitatea Al. I. Cuza Iasi, Facultatea de Biologie, Catedra de Biologie Vegetala, B-dul Carol I, nr. 11, RO-700506 Iasi

Abstract: The pure Picea abies forests and mixed Picea abies and Abies alba forests, of the Class Vaccinio-Piceetea Br.-Bl. 1939, from the left side of the Izvoru Muntelui-Bicaz accumulation lake, were studied from the chorological, ecological, phytosociological, bioforms and floristic elements points of view. The class is represented, in the studied area, by two associations: Hieracio rotundati-Abietetum (Borhidi 1971) Coldea 1991 and Hieracio rotundati-Piceetum Pawl. et Br.-Bl. 1939. The plant communities of the first association are dominated by Abies alba and Picea abies. In fact, these two species are co-dominant. The communities of the second association have just one dominant species, which is Picea abies. The characteristic species, for both associations is Hieracium transsilvanicum. The communities of the first association are richer in species (46) than the ones of the second association (14). The species characteristic for deciduous forests (Class Querco-Fagetea Br.-Bl. et Vlieger in Vlieger 1937 em Borhidi 1996) are well represented in the first association communities, which are in contact with the ones of Leucanthemo waldsteinii-Fagetum (Soo 1964) Tauber 1987. The analyses of bioforms and floristic elements revealed that hemicryptophytes and Eurasian species dominate both associations, respectively. Ecological index analysis showed that shadow to half-shadow species, fresh soil species, neutral soil species dominate both associations. The remaining ecological indices had different values. Thus, intermediate climate species, oceanic to sub-oceanic species, and species that occur in soils which are intermediate to rich in mineral nitrogen dominate the Association Hieracio rotundati-Abietetum (Borhidi 1971) Coldea 1991, while cool to intermediate climate species, sub-oceanic species, and species that occur in soils which are rich in mineral nitrogen dominate the Association Hieracio rotundati-Piceetum Pawl. et Br.-Bl. 1939. According to the cluster analysis, the relevees of the Association Hieracio rotundati-Abietetum (Borhidi 1971) Coldea 1991 are 42.8% similar, while those of the Association Hieracio rotundati-Piceetum Pawl. et Br.-Bl. 1939 are 57.1% similar. The similarity between the two groups of relevees, each group corresponding to an association, was 19.8%. These forest ecosystems, from the left side of the Izvoru Muntelui-Bicaz reservoir are dominated by mixed Picea abies and Abies alba forests and not by pure Picea abies ones, as believed according to the literature concerning the Oriental Carpathians.

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Universitatea Ovidius, Facultatea de Stiinte ale Naturii, B-dul. Mamaia, nr. 124, RO-900527 Constanta

Abstract: Juncetum maritimi association is wide-spread in the seacoast area and on the maritime sandbanks. The phytocenoses with Juncus maritimus grows especially on medium to high salted soils and marshy soils most of the vegetation period. The high substrate trophycity of these association habitats is due to the high humus value and nutritive mineral salts content. It explains the rich floristic composition, the large covering of the vegetation and the high biomass values. The association habitats topoclimate is strongly influenced by the density and the highness of Juncus maritimus population, maintaining a low temperature and the high air and soil humidity within the association, compared to the environment. The various conditions of the substrate humidity and salinity allowed the existence of some subassociations, such as: aeluropetosum littoralis Sarbu et al., 1995, schoenetosum nigricantis Sarbu et al., 1995 and the facies with Elymus elongatus ssp. elongatus. The association comprises a great number of rare and endangered species, belonging to different red data cathegories from the Romanian and European Red Lists.

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*Universitatea Babes-Bolyai, Facultatea de Biologie si Geologie, Catedra de Biologie Vegetala, str. Gh. Bilascu, nr. 42, RO-400015 Cluj Napoca
**Universite de Liege, 620 Becco, B-4910 Theux

Abstract: The present study reveals the existence of 9 corticolous bryophyte associations from the Ariesul Mic basin, classified into 3 classes, 3 orders, 3 alliances, and 3 suballiances. One association - Orthotrichetum pallentis Ochsn 1928 - has been recorded for the first time in Romania. Three associations - Orthotrichetum pallentis Ochsn 1928, Pylaisietum polyanthae Felf. 1941 and Pterigynandretum filiformis Hil. 1925 - are indicators of clean air. The existence of these communities is dependent on the presence of bottomland forests - highly scarce - and of mature beech forests whose optimal structure is preserved only on surfaces difficult of access.

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*Institutul de Cercetari Biologice, str. Gh. Bilascu, nr. 48, RO-400015 Cluj-Napoca
**Universitatea Oradea, str. Armatei Romane, nr. 5, RO-410087 Oradea

Abstract: Induction of in vitro culture was succesfuly obtained because of high percentage of seed germination deppending on cultivar and composition of culture medium. In the case of 'Mamaia' cultivar, the germination was 70% on MS 1/2 medium and 80% on MS medium. 'CMBU' seeds germinated in 50-60% on MS 1/2 and MS media. In case of 'Favorit' cv. the percentage of seed germination was lower than the percentage of seed germination of 'CMBU' and 'Mamaia' cvs., 40% on MS 1/2 medium and 60% on MS medium. The growth of plantlets obtained from seeds germination is better on MS medium, than MS 1/2 medium. On this medium, plantlets of 'CMBU' cv. were 1.6 cm length and plantlets of 'Mamaia' cv. were 1.5 cm length. Plant multiplication on media supplemented with growth regulators and adenine sulphate has been obtained with good results especially in case of 'Favorit' explants. Plant multiplication of 'CMBU' cv. explants was low, the best results have been obtained on medium IV where 2 neoplantlets/explant have been obtained having in average 0.96 cm length. In case of 'Favorit' cv. the multiplication was very good, 2.6 neoplantlets/explant have been induced having 1.32-1.4 cm length. Plant multiplication of 'Mamaia' cv. was lower, 1.8 neoplantlets/explat have been obtained having 1.3-1.42 cm length. Root induction of 'CMBU' plantlets is very low, in average 1.2-1.6 roots/explant have been obtained having 0.36-0.86 cm length. In case of 'Favorit' plantlets, root induction is also very low, maximum 1.6 roots/explant have been induced but root growth is good on media III and IV (1.06-1.08 cm length). The maximum number of roots/explant of 'Mamaia' plantlets (1.6) was obtained on medium IV, while the roots length on media studied was in average 0.62-1.02 cm.

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*Institutul de Cercetari Biologice, str. Gh. Bilascu, nr. 48, RO-400015 Cluj-Napoca
**Universitatea Babes-Bolyai, Gradina Botanica Alexandru Borza, str. Gh. Bilascu, nr. 42, RO-400015 Cluj-Napoca

Abstract: The biotechnology of in vitro cultures represents an efficient way of multiplying plant subspecies that are rare, vulnerable or endangered. Dianthus petraeus W. et K. ssp. simonkaianus (Peterfi) Tutin grows on the calcareous rocks of the mountain belt inside Romania as well as in Macedonia, Bulgaria and Greece [1,3,8]. This subspecies' populations from our country are more and more affected by lime quarries, excessive pasturing and because the plant is harvested as an ornament. Thus, the subspecies is mentioned in The Red Lists elaborated for Romanian flora as rare [6,7,8]. For the micropropagation of this subspecies we used plant material harvested in 2001 and 2002 from Gilau-Muntele Mare Massif. The inocula used for the initiation of the aseptic cultures consisted of apical, uninodal or plurinodal explants, floral stems nods, buds and seeds. The easiest way to induce the cultures has proven to be the use of apical and nodal (uni- or plurinodal) explants, while the buds did not regenerate. The main purpose for the cultures generated from seeds was to see the influence had by the solar exposition (i.e., the exposition had by the individuals from which the seeds were harvested) upon germination and further development of the vitroplants. The results showed that northern exposition is obviously unfavoured in comparison to southern and western expositions. The medium culture used was a basic medium with several variants, depending on the phytohormones added. The phytohormones used were: NAA (naftaleneacetic acid), IBA (indolylbutiric acid) and IAA (indolylacetic acid), as auxins and as cytokinins – BAP (6 - benzylaminopurine), kinetine (6 - furfurylaminopurine), 2iP (6 - dimetilaminopurine) and TDZ (tidiazurone). By changing the hormone balance (cytokinins/auxins ratio) we had in view the achievement of a high multiplication rate along with rhizogenesis induction. On the medium containing BAP (1 mg/l) and IAA (1 mg/l) a multiplication rate of 110 neoplantlets/apical inoculum was obtained. The rhizogenesis was greatly stimulated by a 1/2 Murashige-Skoog medium, containing vegetal carbon (3 g/l), good results being also achieved on the media with 2iP or TDZ. The vitroplants having a well-developed root system were transferred in ex vitro conditions using a sterilized mixture of soil-perlit-peat. Thus, their acclimatization was achieved. For a succesfull acclimatization special caps were used for the culture recipients, equipped with a filter (suncap closure) having a porosity of 0.02 microns. The special caps allow CO2, from the environment, to enter the recipient. Thus, the vitroplants, which are photoheterotrophic or photomixotrofic in a normal culture, are allowed to photosintetise and the shock suffered by them when they are transferred in ex vitro condition is significaly diminished [5].

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*Institutul de Cercetari Biologice, str. Gh. Bilascu, nr. 48, RO-400014 Cluj-Napoca
**Universitatea din Oradea, str. Armatei Romane, nr. 5, RO-410087 Oradea

Abstract: The conservation of higher plant tissues and organs is based on a pronounced reduction of the growth rate, achieved by manipulations of the culture conditions and of the nutrient media. In order to achieve a higher efficiency of preservation, we applied a combination of different limiting factors like the simultaneous use of hypoxia and a modified chemical composition of the nutrient medium. This paper presents two preservation approaches, reduced-growth storage of nodal cuttings and long-term storage by vitrification of apical shoot tips. In vitro grown potato (Solanum tuberosum L. cv. Muresan) plantlets were used in the present study. The preservation period of potato shoots was extended from one month to twelve months by addition of growth inhibitors like abscisic acid (ABA), to the Murashige-Skoog nutrient medium and a paraffin oil overlay. The preservation of the shoots was achieved under two different conditions of illumination and temperature: under a 16 hours light photoperiod at 25 (plus/minus 1) degrees Celsius, and in continuous darkness at low temperature (4 plus/minus 1 degrees Celsius). The performed studies led to the conclusion that the reduced-growth was effectiv induced by the combined action of ABA and the hypoxic regime. The best combination treatments for a moderately-term (one year) preservation of nodal cuttings consists of the addition of higher amounts (40 mg/l) of ABA in the culture medium, a paraffin oil layer and storage at 25 degrees C with a photoperiod of 16/24 h or in darkness at 4 degrees Celsius. Cryopreservation was realised using a modified vitrification technique. The cryoprotective treatment with glycerol and sucrose at 25 degrees C for 10 minutes followed by treatment with a plant vitrification solution (PVS2) induced freezing tolerance of potato apical shoot tips. Vitrified apical shoot tips resumed growth within 4 - 5 weeks after thawing and plating on MS medium supplemented with NAA 0.5 mg/l, Z 1 mg/l and GA3 0.5 mg/l.

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*Institutul de Cercetari Biologice, str. Gh. Bilascu, nr. 48, RO-400015 Cluj-Napoca
**Universitatea Babes-Bolyai, Facultatea de Biologie si Geologie, Catedra de Biologie Vegetala, str. M. Kogalniceanu, nr. 1, RO-400084 Cluj-Napoca
***Universitatea de Medicina si Farmacie Iuliu Hatieganu, Catedra de Botanica Farmaceutica, str. I. Creanga, nr. 12, RO-400010 Cluj-Napoca

Abstract: The experimental support for hydroquinone (HQ) bioconversion to arbutin consisted of cell cultures of: Arctostaphylos uva-ursi (6AUU cell line), Catharanthus roseus (Cr cell line) and Digitalis lanata (15 and 8HQ cell lines). HQ (6 mM) was added to the culture medium and displayed different effects on the physiological processes we had in view, such as: growth, cell viability and peroxidase activity. These processes varied depending on the species or cell lines, amount of fresh inoculum and duration of contact with HQ. Although cell growth suffered less significant variations, cell viability was strongly inhibited in all cell suspensions after the 6th day of culture. D. lanata cell lines showed the highest resistance to HQ and the most sensitive cell line proved to be A. uva-ursi. In C. roseus and D. lanata (15 cell line), IEF (isoelectric focusing) revealed a basic isoperoxidase (usually involved in stress response). This basic peroxidase had not been expressed in Digitalis lanata (8HQ cell line), which may explain it is higher resistance to HQ. Isoperoxidases associated with the growth process have been also identified. TLC (thin layer chromathography) revealed that all plant cell cultures biotransformed HQ to arbutin, excepting A. uva-ursi cell line.

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Universitatea Babes-Bolyai, Facultatea de Biologie si Geologie, Catedra de Biologie Vegetala, str. M. Kogalniceanu, nr. 1, RO-400084 Cluj-Napoca

Abstract: The primary productivity in aquatic ecosystems depends strongly on the prevailing photosynthetic rates of algae, and the interaction of a great variety of environmental factors (such as carbon sources, oxygen, irradiance level) affects finally the biosynthesis of new organic compounds, on which the existence of all biological systems relies. Hypoxia acts synergically with higher levels of inorganic carbon sources in the improvement of the net photosynthetic efficiency of freshwater green microalgae, but the association of hypoxic conditions with low photon flux densities annihilates the positive influence of inorganic and organic carbon sources on the biomass production of Scenedesmus intermedius.

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*Universitatea Babes-Bolyai, Facultatea de Chimie si Inginerie Chimica, str. Arany Janos, nr. 11, RO-400028 Cluj-Napoca
**Universitatea Babes-Bolyai, Facultatea de Biologie si Geologie, Catedra de Biologie Vegetala, str. Gh. Bilascu, nr. 42, RO-400015 Cluj-Napoca

Abstract: This paper presents results concerning the atmospheric pollutants deposition over the industrial area of Baia Mare. Such studies are in general difficult to achieve, mainly due to the lack of suitable, sensitive and inexpensive techniques (such as using bioindicators) that allow simultaneous measurements at a large number of sampling sites. The aim of this study was to test the Pb, Cu and Zn concentrations monitoring procedure by using lichens and mosses in the vicinity of industrial sources, in the absence of any information concerning emission, meteorological parameters and biogeochemistry. The Pb, Cu and Zn concentrations were determined in native lichen and moss samples collected from Baia Mare areas. For lichens and mosses the results were compared with the same level of elements determined in a control sample, collected from an unpolluted area. In order to assess the pollution degree in this region the same elements were determined in soil samples, too. The ratios of these three elements were calculated versus the normal, alert and intervention levels in soils accepted for Romania and published in 'Monitorul Oficial' [9].

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*Universitatea Babes-Bolyai, Facultatea de Biologie si Geologie, Catedra de Biologie Vegetala, str. Gh. Bilascu, nr. 42, RO-400015 Cluj-Napoca
**Universitatea Babes-Bolyai, Facultatea de Biologie si Geologie, str. Gh. Bilascu, nr. 42, RO-400015 Cluj-Napoca
***Universitatea de Medicina si Farmacie Iuliu Hatieganu, Facultatea de Farmacie, str. I. Creanga, nr. 3, RO-400010 Cluj-Napoca

Abstract: In our experiments, we tested the action of some plant extracts (Berberis vulgaris, Solanum nigrum, a mixture of five equally combined plant extracts and walnut peels extract) on the germination and growth of Fusarium oxysporum, isolated from Opuntia spp. Plant extract from Berberis vulgaris (0.05%) had a fungicide effect on the studied species. Plant extract from Solanum nigrum (0.1%) had the same effect. The mixture of five plant extracts (Thymi herba, Juglandis folium, Querci cortex, Primulae rhizoma et radix, Chelidonii herba) had a fungistatic effect on the development of fungus' colonies. Walnut peels extract had a less powerful effect on Fusarium oxysporum fungus. Total plant extracts' inhibitory action depends on the type of active substances and their concentration in the nutritive medium.

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Facultatea de Stiinte ale Naturii, Universitatea Ovidius, B-dul Mamaia, nr. 124, RO-900527 Constanta

Abstract: Some histological and cytological features of four hydrophytes occurring in the Danube Delta (Romania). The author describes some of the histological and cytological characteristics observed in the corm tissues of Nuphar lutea (L.) Sibth. & Sm., Nymphaea alba L., Hydrocharis morsus-ranae L. and Trapa natans L. Common cytological elements such as sphaeraphides, druses, chloroplasts and starch grains, have been reported in different tissues of the plants. Some of the interesting histological features such as trichomes (hairs), trichosclereids and idioblasts were described and discussed in detail.

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str. Donath, nr. 17, ap. 66, RO-400301 Cluj-Napoca

Abstract: The paper presents a discussion on leaf size classes and their respective histograms. In the first part the author shows aspects that condition an interpretation more or less close to the reality of the fossil forest, in the second part he gives an analysis and interpretation of 14 histograms of fossil floras from different fossiliferous points. The author's most important conclusion is that a histogram of the leaf size classes presents, though even deformed, the material made available by the respective fossil forest.

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*Universitatea Babes-Bolyai, Facultatea de Biologie si Geologie, Catedra de Biologie Vegetala, str. M. Kogalniceanu, nr. 1, RO-400084 Cluj-Napoca
**Institutul de Cercetari Biologice, str. Gh. Bilascu, nr. 48, RO-400015 Cluj-Napoca

Abstract: The holocene history of the beech in Romania. The paper presents the holocene history of the beech in Romania, based on numerous palynological records, which also certifye the absence of the beech glacial refuges. Beech forests are the most stable ecosystems, which cover today 1/3 from the forest area of Romania. The appearance and development of the beech were long processes, started about 8,000 years ago, in the north of the Alps. Palynological data from Romania, except Dobrogea, show the real beech presence in the forest structure more or less 4.000 years ago. Its expansion took place later, in the second part of the Subboreal age (3.500 B.P.); its largest area developed during the Subatlantic. Beech forests in Romania are much more delayied comparatively to Central Europe, the north and the north-east of the Alpes, or the south-west and the west of the Balkan Peninsula. They are supposed to be several different migration ways towards and across the romanian territory. The south-west mountainous area of Romania has priority, because it is directly related to the sloveno-croato-serbian mountainous passage; this south-eastern passage is much more shorter (more or less 600 km) than those north-eastern, alpino-sudeto-north-carpathian (more or less 950 km). It is possible that the beech immigrated, in the forests from the north of the Danube, in the south-east of Romania, by the same way as the hornbeam did. This is the south-east-carpathian way of the beech arrival. Due to the unitary character of the romanian phytohystory, we think that both in the south and in the rest of the romanian carpathian chain, the same types of the beech forests were developed. Differences consist in their constitution, earlier or later than of the fir tree forests one and in their altitude limit.

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*Universitatea Babes-Bolyai, Facultatea de Biologie si Geologie, Catedra de Geologie-Paleontologie, str. M. Kogalniceanu, nr. 1, RO-400084 Cluj-Napoca
**Institutul de Cercetari Biologice, str. Gh. Bilascu, nr. 48, RO-400015 Cluj-Napoca
***Laboratoire de Botanique Historique et Palynologie, Faculte des Sciences St. Jerome, F13397-Marseille

Abstract: The palynological analysis of the Luci sequence: new data concerning the history of late-glacial and holocene vegetation of Harghita Mountains. The paper presents the palynological analysis of a sequence at Luci (1079 m altitude), in Harghita Mountains. The peat-bog lies on the bottom of an ancient volcanic crater. Specific flora is characterized by the presence of some glacial relics, such as Betula nana and Viola epipsila. Based on the dynamics of the vegetation and the frequences of the main taxa, pollen diagram was separated in 13 local pollen zones, which correspond to the Late-glacial and Holocene periods. Some 14C datings support the chronological assignation of the entire sequence. The bottom of the sequence is characterized by high percentages of Pinus, Artemisia and Poaceae, that seem to indicate the old Dryas. The Late-glacial interstadial shows a regression of the steppic herbs. Pinus is accompanied by Betula, Salix, Picea and Larix. The young Dryas is characterized by a second maximum of Artemisia and by the reduction of Pinus and Betula percentages. The Holocene begins with the Betula maximum and the appearence of the mesophilous trees. Among these trees, Ulmus is the first to be noticed, followed by Fraxinus and Quercus. Picea is present during the entire Holocene, with higher percentages starting by Boreal. The maximum of Corylus begins in the second half of the Atlantic period, while those of Carpinus and Fagus are characteristics, classically for Romania, to the Subboreal and the Subatlantic periods respectively. The first pollen grains of cereals were pointed out during the Subboreal age.

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Universitatea Babes-Bolyai, Facultatea de Biologie si Geologie, Catedra de Geologie, str. M. Kogalniceanu, nr. 1, RO-400084 Cluj Napoca

Abstract: Some considerations concerning the upper Paleocene microflora from Jibou (Salaj dept.) and its signification. The richest upper Paleocene microflora from Romania was documented at Jibou (Salaj dept., NW Romania), based on the list consisting of approximately 100 palinomorphs given in a previous work [13]. The present study deals with the significations of the main taxa identified on this site: evidence of lacustrine genesis of these deposits, their geological age - Late Thanetian - and the reconstruction of the paleoclimatic environment, documenting a Late Paleocene Thermal Maximum (LPTM) at Jibou. The quantitative-qualitative composition of the studied microflora proves that the palinoflora developed on the continental areas in NW Romania during that time was totally similar to that known from Central and Western Europe (Austria, Germany, France, Belgium, UK etc.).

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