*UMS 2006, Patrimoine Naturel, Museum National Histoire Naturelle, 36 rue Geoffroy Saint Hilaire, F-75005 Paris, France
**EA 7462 Geoarchitecture, Universite de Bretagne Occidentale, 6 avenue Le Gorgeu, F-29200 Brest, France
***University of Camerino, Via Pontoni 5, I-62032 Camerino, Italy
e-mail: bensettiti@mnhn.fr; frederic.bioret@univ-brest.fr; franco.pedrotti@unicam.it

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*UNIVEGE, Universite Blaise Pascal, 3 Bd Lafayette, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand France
**UMR ECOBIO, CNRS-University of Rennes 1, Rennes, France
***ALTERRA WUR, Wageningen, the Netherlands
e-mail: camille.roux@univ-bpclermont.fr

Abstract: The CarHAB project, funded by the French Ministry of Environment, was set up to map the vegetation all over the French territory. In this objective, both analytical (plot) releves and synreleves were carried out. Based on the case study of low mountain habitats in the "chaine des Puys" (Massif central, France), this paper presents i) the methodology developed to carry out vegetation releves at the landscape scale and ii) the database designed to store and fit synreleves, as part of the national VegFrance database. This paper presents the structure of the "Paysage" database, the metadata collected together with plants communities in the synreleves (and geosynreleves), the method to record the synreleves and how they are managed for the mapping of series and geoseries. The interpretation of the dataset regarding anthropic pressure on this landscape will be suggested.

Key words: symphytosociology, lanscape, database, VegFrance, Turboveg, Clermont-Ferrand

*Conservatoire botanique national du Massif central, le Bourg, F-43280 Chavaniac-Lafayette, France
**Universite de Bretagne occidentale, EA 2119 Geoarchitecture, UFR Sciences&Techniques, 6 avenue Le Gorgeu, F-29200 Brest, France
***Conservatoire botanique national de Corse, Office de l'Environnement de la Corse, 14 avenue Jean Nicoli, F-20250 Corte, France
****UMS Patrinat, Museum national d'Histoire Naturelle, 36, rue Geoffroy Saint Hilaire, F-75005 Paris, France
*****Vourlhat, F-43230 Frugieres-le-Pin, France
e-mail: guillaume.choisnet@cbnmc.fr; frederic.bioret@univ.fr

Abstract: Based on the main landscape phytosociology works (symphytosociology and geosymphytosociology), elements of methods to carry out sigmareleves and geosigmareleves are brought through with the analysis of various concrete cases.These methodological elements follow an inductive approach for the characterization of sigmassociations and geosigmassociations (series and geoseries of vegetation).

Key words: symphytosociology, geosymphytosociology, series and geoseries of vegetation, methods and concepts, sigmassociation, geosigmassociation, sigmareleve, geosigmareleve

*Universite de Bretagne occidentale, EA 2119 Geoarchitecture, UFR Sciences & Techniques, 6 avenue Le Gorgeu, F-29200 Brest, France
**Conservatoire botanique national du Massif central, le Bourg, F-43280 Chavaniac-Lafayette, France
***UNIVEGE, Universite Blaise Pascal, 3 Bd Lafayette, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand France
****Conservatoire botanique national de Corse, Office de l'Environnement de la Corse, 14 avenue Jean Nicoli, F-20250 Corte, France
*****Expert independant
******UMS 2006 Patrimoine Naturel, Museum National histoire Naturelle,36, rue Geoffroy Saint Hilaire, F-75005 Paris, France
e-mail: frederic.bioret@univ-brest.fr

Abstract: The main concepts and definitions related to dynamic-catenal phytosociology are presented and discussed, in order to share common definitions within the French national program CarHAB dedicated to serial and catenal vegetation typology and mapping. Symphytosociology is based on serial approach and on the vegetation series concept, while Geosymphytosociology is based on catenal approach and on the geoseries concept.

Key words: dynamic-catenal phytosociology, vegetation series, vegetation geoseries

University of Camerino, Via Pontoni 5, I-62032 Camerino, Italy
e-mail: franco.pedrotti@unicam.it

Abstract: A geoseries (or geosigmetum) is a catenal unit of vegetation series on an ecologically homogeneous phytotopographical unit of a given chorological sector. It includes the complete altitudinal sequence of zonal, extrazonal and intrazonal vegetation series. A geoseries can be divided into smaller sectors known as "geoseries individuals" on the basis of orography, hypsometry and aspect. Theoretically speaking, the geoseries individuals should be composed of the same number and type of series; however, in practice the number of sigmeta may vary for orographic, hypsometric and geological reasons. A geoseries is complete when it extends from sea level to an altitude of at least 3000 m (in the European mountains) and reduced if truncated at the top when the altitude range is less (lower massifs). Each geoseries is characterised by at least one vegetation series. A geoseries is bordered by geological, geomorphological and geographic limits (watershed line, watercourses, etc.). A geoseries can be mapped in three ways: 1) a single map unit including all the series and indicated with a single colour; 2) a map unit subdivided into series indicated with different colours; 3) a map unit divided into series indicated with different tones of the same colour. This method was used to produce a map (1:150,000) of the geoseries in the Val d'Adige (Central Alps) consisting of 6 climatophilous series and 3 edaphophilous series.

Key words: chorological sector, morphotype, geobotanical significance, geoseries individuals, geoseries mapping, Val d'Adige, Central Alps

*Spilsbury Farm, Tisbury Row, Tisbury, Salisbury SP3 6RU, UK
**Caroline Cottage, The Dene, Hindon, Salisbury SP3 6EE, UK
e-mail: jamiecompton@madasafish.com

Abstract: In this paper we explore Linnaeus's use of the name Dictamnus albus L. (Purple Dittany, Burning Bush) which distinguished this species from Origanum dictamnus L. (Cretan Dittany) a labiate endemic to the island of Crete. Linnaeus's name for the species did not intend to reflect its flower colour but was based on the medicinal name for the white roots of the plant. Because Linnaeus's type specimen is based on plants with purple stems and purple-veined flowers, we publish here the name Dictamnus albus var. albiflos (Rchb.) J. Compton & Akeroyd, comb. nov. for plants with white flowers. This feature distinguishes these plants from the more widespread typical variant frequently referred to, especially in the horticultural literature, as D. albus "var. purpureus", an invalid name. We also designate a neotype for var. albiflos and lectotypes for ten of the names within the synonymy of D. albus var. albus: Dictamnus albus var. bucharicus N.A.Winter, Dictamnus albus var. gynodynamicus Beck, Dictamnus angustifolius G.Don ex Sweet, Dictamnus fraxinella var. europaeus Fisch. & C.A.Mey., Dictamnus fraxinella var. macrophylla Schur, Dictamnus gymnostylis Steven, Dictamnus himalayanus Royle, Dictamnus hispanicus Webb ex Willk., Dictamnus obtusiflorus W.D.J.Koch and Fraxinella dictamnus Moench.

Key words: dittany, nomenclature, neotype, lectotype, Linnaeus, Reichenbach

*Department of Botany and Zoology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlarska 2,CZ-611 37 Brno, Czech Republic
**Institute of Botany, Czech Academy of Sciences, Department of Vegetation Ecology, Lidicka 25/27, CZ-657 20 Brno, Czech Republic
e-mail: honza.rolecek@centrum.cz

Abstract: Here we report the first find of a rare grass Festuca amethystina L. in the Transylvanian Basin. The species was found at Dealul Furcilor, a hill that is part of SCI Movilele de la Paucea near the city of Medias, in tall-forb vegetation classified as Trollio europaei-Clematidetum recti association. Using flow cytometry we detected tetraploid ploidy level of this population, corresponding to the ploidy of populations in middle altitudes of the Brasov Depression and contrasting with the diploid ploidy level of the high-montane populations in Eastern and Southern Carpathians. We show that sites of tetraploid populations share many species of dry-mesic steppe meadows and subcontinental open-canopy oak forests. Co-occurrence of F. amethystina and other species with disjunct distributions suggest relict character of this vegetation, probably representing remnants of ancient forest-steppe ecosystem.

Key words: genome size, plant distribution, ploidy level, relict, tall-forb vegetation, taxonomy, Transylvanian Basin, Trifolio-Geranietea sanguinei, vegetation ecology, vegetation history

*University of Bucharest, Faculty of Biology, Independentei Blvd. 91-95, RO-050095 Bucharest, Romania
**County Emergency Hospital of Satu Mare, Piata Eroii Revolutiei 2-3, RO-440055, Satu Mare, Romania
***Romanian Pension Funds' Association (APAPR), Emanoil Porumbaru str. 85-87, RO-Bucharest, Romania
****Bogdan Voda str. 9, RO-430193, Baia Mare, Romania
email: attila.bartok@gmail.com

Abstract: The overall range pattern of Hammarbya paludosa in Romania is problematic and poorly understood. Here we have compiled an updated distribution for the species in Romania, adding a new locality in the South-Eastern Carpathians, in a transitional bog of the Gutai Mts (Eastern Carpathians). The species had previously been reported from Romania but we found only a single item of evidence of the plant in a public herbarium (a specimen collected more than a half century ago near Avrig, with no earlier data recorded from that location, and was lodged incorrectly under Liparis loeselii), although it is listed in most important checklists of the Romanian flora as certainly present in Romania. The population discovered, consisting of about 30 individuals of H. paludosa, was spread over an an area of ca. 200 m2 and grew in an Oxycocco-Sphagnetea community. In Romania the species is highly threatened due to its extreme rarity and the relatively intensive grazing in the area where it occurs.

Key words: Gutai Mts, orchids, floristic record, Red Book, Eastern Carpathians, threatened species

*The Low Tatras National Park Administration, Lazovna 10, SK-974 04 Banska Bystrica, Slovakia
**Matej Bel University in Banska Bystrica, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Tajovskeho 40, SK-974 01 Banska Bystrica, Slovakia
e-mail: peter.turis@sopsr.sk

Abstract: The Carpathian stenoendemic species Erysimum hungaricum Zapal. (Brassicaceae) had not been observed at its only known locality in the Maramures Mts in Romania for more than 80 years. Research from June 2018 has confirmed its presence on the southern slope of Mt. Lostun Mic (1595 m). Compared to the past, the number of micro-locations was reduced to a single one of approximately 200 m2. In the remaining population, approximately 100 flowering individuals, we made a phytocoenological releve and determined the chemical properties of the soil (pH in H2O = 6.46; pH in KCl = 6.2; carbonate content = 8.0 g.kg-1; nitrogen content = 10.99 g.kg-1; phosphorus content = 19.57 mg.kg-1). In the plant community, succession occurs from the original Festucetum saxatilis Domin 1933 to a tall-herb vegetation of the order Adenostyletalia alliariae Br.-Bl. 1931 and a growth of Picea abies. The presence of the species in different vegetation units and the comparison of older and actual soil characteristics point to its wider tolerance of the characteristics of the site. Thus, the causes of the extraordinary rarity of the species are not yet clear. Based on the IUCN sozological evaluation, the species was categorised as Critically Endangered (CR) according to criteria B2ab(ii,iv).

Key words: wallflower, taxonomy, distribution, population characteristic, Adenostyletalia alliariae, sozological status, endemic species, Maramures Mts, Carpathians

*Eszterhazy Karoly University, Department of Environmental Science and Landscape Ecology, Leanyka str. 6-8, H-3300 Eger, Hungary
**Government Office of Heves County, District Office of Eger, Public health, Kossuth Lajos str. 11, H-3300 Eger, Hungary
***Eszterhazy Karoly University, Innoregion Knowledge Centre, Leanyka str. 6-8, H-3300 Eger, Hungary
e-mail: misik.tamas@uni-eszterhazy.hu

Abstract: We have found Sphagnum colonies on 10 October 2010 near Paradfurdo village, at the entrance of Ilona valley in northeast Hungary. The species was determined as Sphagnum quinquefarium (Lindb. ex Braithw.) Warnst. (five-ranked bog-moss), a protected species (on the basis of the 66/2015. (X. 26.) FM regulations) which was not until now described in the area of the Matra Mountains. This species became known only from a few localities in Hungary, but was more frequent on the edge of the Carpathian Basin and in part of the outside border of our country. We collected the relevant data for the S. quinquefarium from the largest Herbarium database in Hungary and the countries of the Carpathian Basin and used the available botanical literature database. The peat moss species studied is very common in the High Tatras of Slovakia and throughout the Carpathian Mountains of Romania. This present paper summarises the recent distributional knowledge about S. quinquefarium distribution in the Carpathian Basin, outside of Hungary, on the basis of herbarium and literature data.

Key words: peat moss, chorology, habitats, moorlands, herbarium data, literature data

*Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment (DAFE), University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, I-56124 Pisa, Italy
**Ovidius University, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, Aleea Universitatii 1 B, RO-900527 Constanta, Romania
e-mail: andrea.bertacchi@unipi.it

Abstract: We report and compare the foredune habitats of some areas located along the coasts of Tuscany (It) and Dobrogea (Ro, Bu), focusing on the floristic and phytocoenotic features, through phytosociological surveys carried out along the two coasts, very different from the biogeographical point of view. Both coasts are about 300 km long and have approximately 200 km of sandy beaches. Among dune habitats (sensu Directive 92/43/EEC) only those of the foredunes (upper beach and mobile dunes) seemed to be shared. The comparison of phytosociological releves performed in the two areas and concerning these foredune habitats, have highlighted: a) a high floristic and phytocoenotic diversity even in the same habitats of the two different sandy coasts; b) a tendency for the floristic differences to increase from ephemeral dune habitats (annual vegetation of drift lines) to the inner dunes (white dunes); c) diagnostic species of habitats are shared significantly only for habitat 1210.

Key words: psammophilous plants, phytogeography, sands, Tuscany coasts, Black Sea coasts, Directive 92/43/EEC

*Babes-Bolyai University, Department of Taxonomy and Ecology, 42 Republicii St., RO-400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
**Institute of Biological Research, Branch of the National Institute of Research and Development for Biological Sciences, 48 Republicii Street, RO-400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania

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Babes-Bolyai University, Faculty of Biology and Geology, Department of Taxonomy and Ecology, 42 Republicii Street, RO-400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania

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